Reduction to Lowest Terms pt. 2

BlBl

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1. \(\displaystyle \dfrac{x^{-2}-a^{-2}}{x-a}\)

At first, I was totally confuse as to what to do. I always picture the negative exponents as putting the terms under the bar, and making them part of the denominator. But both terms in the numerator have negative exponents and that would seem to mean that nothing at all should be in the numerator position, but that doesn't make sense.

I then figured out that I should make them their own fractions above the line:

\(\displaystyle \dfrac{\frac{1}{x^2}-\frac{1}{a^2}}{x-a}\)

Then I just multiplied the quotients in the numerator by the alternative denominators (over those same denominators, to make it 1) to get a common denominator in the numerator position:

\(\displaystyle \dfrac{\frac{1}{x^2}\cdot{\frac{a^2}{a^2}}-\frac{1}{a^2}\cdot{\frac{x^2}{x^2}}}{x-a}\)

Alright, so from here I ended up just taking the denominator term, flip it, and make it something to multiply the other terms by.

\(\displaystyle (\dfrac{a^2}{a^2x^2}-\dfrac{x^2}{a^2x^2})\cdot\dfrac{1}{x-a}=\dfrac{a^2-x^2}{a^2x^2(x-a)}\)

So I then converted the binomial in the new numerator, and then stepped back divided the denominator \(\displaystyle x-a\) by -1

\(\displaystyle \dfrac{(a+x)(a-x)}{(a^2x^2)-1(a-x)}\)

From there I factor/canceled out the \(\displaystyle (a-x)\) to make:

\(\displaystyle \dfrac{a+x}{-a^2x^2}\cdot\dfrac{-1}{1}=\dfrac{-a-x}{a^2x^2}\)

At that point I thought that I was done, but I ended up with an answer that was different from the one the book gave. So my question is was there a way a might've directly ended up with the answer that the book gave? Here it was:

\(\displaystyle \dfrac{-x-a}{a^2x^2}\)
 
Your method was fine and so is your answer. -x-a = -x-a = -(x+a)
 
Thank you very much wjm11. I suppose all I needed was the reassurance ;-)
 
Okay, this problem was about writing in simplest radical form.

2. \(\displaystyle \dfrac{M_{0}}{\sqrt{1-{\frac{v^2}{c^2}}}}\)

I really didn't know what to do with this one. Not only do I not know what that subscripted 0 means (not that it's relevant to the task) but I wasn't really sure what conjugate \(\displaystyle \sqrt{1+{\frac{v^2}{c^2}}}\) might do to get me the answer the book gave:

\(\displaystyle \dfrac{M_{0}c\sqrt{c^2-v^2}}{c^2-v^2}}}\)

Please help. I've only got a few more that are giving me trouble, and then I can move on to the next chapter and practice tests.
 
Bumping, just in case someone can get that most recent problem.
 
Please start a new thread for each new problem.

Consider: 1 - v^2/c^2 = c^2/c^2 - v^2/c^2 = (c^2 - v^2)/c^2

When you take the square root of this, the c^2 in the denominator can be simplified as c (outside the square root) and ends up in the numerator of the overall problem.

Is that hint sufficient?
 
BTW, the expression here shows the relativistic effect on mass when an object approaches the speed of light. M sub 0 represents the mass of an object at rest. When at rest, v = 0. As v approaches c (the speed of light) the denominator begins dropping in value, and the effective mass increases. Thank Einstein for pointing out this weirdness in our universe. For more on this, look up Special Relativity.
 
Thanks to you once again wjm11. I'll take your advice and just make a thread for each problem (though that does seem like a waste for some reason).

The info about the problem's relation to SR was fascinating.
 
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