That is an epsilon-delta proof. That snake looking symbol is the lowercase Greek letter delta, \(\displaystyle {\delta}\)
\(\displaystyle \epsilon-\delta\) proof of \(\displaystyle \lim_{x\to\ -2}(x^{2}-2x-4)\)
This can be a tough concept to wrap ones head around when one is new to the topic. It takes something that is otherwise intuitive and turns it
into a rigorous, confusing mess.
There is plenty ot there to Google on the topic. Google epsilon delta proof of limit and you will find lots. YouTube has nice videos on it.
Anyway,
\(\displaystyle |(x^{2}-2x-4)-4|=|x^{2}-2x-8|=|x-4||x+2|\)
We want to restrict \(\displaystyle \delta\) so that \(\displaystyle {\delta}\leq 1\), so that:
\(\displaystyle |x-4|<1\)
\(\displaystyle 1<x<5\)
\(\displaystyle 1<x+2<5\)
\(\displaystyle 3<x<7\)
\(\displaystyle |x+2|<7\)
\(\displaystyle |x+2||x-4|\leq 7|x-4|\)
Thus, \(\displaystyle |(x^{2}-2x-4)-4|<\epsilon\) if \(\displaystyle 7|x-4|<\epsilon\),
or if \(\displaystyle |x-4|<\frac{\epsilon}{7}\),
So, \(\displaystyle {\delta}=min(\frac{\epsilon}{7}, \;\ 1)\)
There are applets available online that can give you a graphic representation of what is going on. It is too broad a topic for me to explain it all here.