This is a standard Euclidean Theorem (proposition 20) - any good text book would have the proof. Look into your textbook.
This theorem was ridiculed by some greeks (epicureans) to be "self-evident" - even to an @$$ (donkey). If a donkey is located at one vertex of a triangle - and hay at the other vertex - in the absence of a barrier, the donkey will not go through the third vertex to get to the hay.
But being self-evident is not scientific proof (and the number of axioms should be kept to a minimum).
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