The equilibrium position is where the spring is unstretched. If s(t) is displacement from the equilibrium position, the mass passes through the equilibrium position when s(t)=0.
0 = cos(t)+3sin(t)
-3sin(t)/cos(t) = 1
-3tan(t) = 1
etc
The maximum displacement (amplitude) occurs when the velocity, ie. s'(t), is zero. So find s'(t) and set it to zero to find the time to get there, and plug t into s(t) to get the displacement