Assuming your probability function f(x) is defined on the interval (a, b), i.e.
Pr(x<a) = Pr(x>b) = 0,
then Pr{\(\displaystyle v \le \frac{x-K}{1-c}\)} is just the integral of f(x) from a to \(\displaystyle \frac{x-K}{1-c}\). Can you proceed from there?