Accelerometers, Coordinate systems and frames of reference

trullock

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Sep 10, 2020
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I'll explain my situation and problem first, and then explain my current reasoning/question. If you lovely people could help me understand if my reasoning is right (unlikely) or what I need to do to make it right that would be most appreciated.

I have a 3-axis accelerometer which measures Proper Acceleration. As I move the accelerometer around in 3D space (accelerate it) I see various acceleration values recorded on each axis in the accelerometers frame of reference. Lovely.

But, at t=0 the accelerometer is in some arbitrary (unknown) 3D orientation (including "upside down" - where signs are inverted), i.e. I don't know its pitch/yaw/roll.
Now I don't directly care what these values are, all I want to know is what the acceleration values are in the Earths frame of reference.

Do I need to generate a 3D rotational transformation matrix in order to transform between the accelerometer's frame of reference and Earth's, or can I simply "subtract" the t=0 acceleration values from any t=1+ readings to get the relative acceleration of the accelerometer as its moved around in 3d space? If I need the rotation matrix, how do I generate this, can it be done with just the initial accelerometer values? It can be assumed that the accelerometer is not physically accelerating at t=0, so the only contributor to its total acceleration vector should be gravity - does this let me cheat and "know" the orientation, is that what I'm doing in my "just subtract it" approach?

I hope that makes sense, please humour me as this is a new area for me and I'm almost certainly missing something basic.

Thanks
 
Hi, this is a tough question. Accelerometers measure total acceleration, which includes gravity. Most of the time people use Kalman filters in order to isolate the acceleration you are interested in. DO a google search and you will see that there are several approaches like, quaternions, Euler angles, etc. You will have to select which approach suits you best.
 
Hi, thanks for your reply.

I'm aware of the things you mention but I don't know how to apply them to solve my problem.

Aren't Euler angles and quaternions just different systems for defining arbitrary 3d direction? How do I apply them to know the true Z value?
 
Hi, thanks for your reply.

I'm aware of the things you mention but I don't know how to apply them to solve my problem.

Aren't Euler angles and quaternions just different systems for defining arbitrary 3d direction? How do I apply them to know the true Z value?
Yes, different techniques to solve the same problem. You will have to take one of the central papers of the subject and just follow what they do. It will take you some time.
 
I'll explain my situation and problem first, and then explain my current reasoning/question. If you lovely people could help me understand if my reasoning is right (unlikely) or what I need to do to make it right that would be most appreciated.

I have a 3-axis accelerometer which measures Proper Acceleration. As I move the accelerometer around in 3D space (accelerate it) I see various acceleration values recorded on each axis in the accelerometers frame of reference. Lovely.

But, at t=0 the accelerometer is in some arbitrary (unknown) 3D orientation (including "upside down" - where signs are inverted), i.e. I don't know its pitch/yaw/roll.
Now I don't directly care what these values are, all I want to know is what the acceleration values are in the Earths frame of reference.

Do I need to generate a 3D rotational transformation matrix in order to transform between the accelerometer's frame of reference and Earth's, or can I simply "subtract" the t=0 acceleration values from any t=1+ readings to get the relative acceleration of the accelerometer as its moved around in 3d space? If I need the rotation matrix, how do I generate this, can it be done with just the initial accelerometer values? It can be assumed that the accelerometer is not physically accelerating at t=0, so the only contributor to its total acceleration vector should be gravity - does this let me cheat and "know" the orientation, is that what I'm doing in my "just subtract it" approach?

I hope that makes sense, please humour me as this is a new area for me and I'm almost certainly missing something basic. Thanks
You are asking questions related to advanced dynamics (Lagrangian/Eulerian Dynamics). Have you taken a formal course in that? If not - it will be next to impossible to decipher those papers and understand the proposed solutions.
 
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