Sports Math

Sports statistics are built on straightforward formulas — ratios, rates, and averages that describe how players and teams perform. These lessons cover the math behind four of the most common ones.

Lessons

Batting Average — Hits divided by at-bats. The most basic measure of a hitter's performance, and the starting point for understanding baseball statistics.

On-Base Percentage — How often a batter reaches base, counting hits, walks, and hit-by-pitches. A more complete picture of offensive value than batting average alone.

Earned Run Average — The standard measure of a pitcher's effectiveness: earned runs allowed per nine innings pitched.

Field Goal Percentage — Made field goals divided by attempted field goals. Used in basketball to measure shooting efficiency.